Analisis Ketidakseimbangan Beban terhadap Kerugian Daya pada Transformator Distribusi 20 kV Menggunakan Software ETAP

Maulana Muslimin; Agung Trihasto; Deria Pravitasari; Andriyatna Agung Kurniawan

doi:10.32528/elkom.v8i1.4948

Authors

Maulana Muslimin Universitas Tidar
Agung Trihasto Universitas Tidar
Deria Pravitasari Universitas Tidar
Andriyatna Agung Kurniawan Universitas Tidar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32528/elkom.v8i1.4948

Keywords:

Load Imbalance, Distribution Transformer, Power Loss, ETAP, GNU Octave

Abstract

Abstract - Load imbalance in distribution transformers can lead to an increase in neutral current and power losses, thereby reducing the efficiency of the electric power distribution system. This condition was identified in six 20 kV distribution transformers on the SGN 04 feeder in Magelang, with initial load imbalance levels of 23.02% at M1-35A-2A, 22.7% at M1-44-26-4-A, 12.79% at M1-44-34, and the highest value of 54.33% at M1-44-9. This study aims to analyze the effect of load imbalance on neutral current and power losses and to evaluate the effectiveness of load balancing through inter-phase load relocation. The methods employed include load current measurements conducted over five days, symmetrical component calculations using GNU Octave, and Unbalanced Load Flow simulations using ETAP software to validate the calculation results. The results show that load imbalance has a significant impact on power losses, as indicated by an initial neutral current of up to 148.142 A at transformer M1-44-9 and power losses reaching 21.0245 kW. After load balancing was implemented, all transformers exhibited significant improvement, with load imbalance values reduced to below 3%, for example, M1-35A-2A decreased to 1.33%, M1-44-31 to 1.35%, and M1-44-9 to 0.45%. In addition, the neutral current was significantly reduced, such as at M1-44-9, where it decreased from 148.14 A to 11.84 A, and the remaining power losses were only in the range of 0.0068–0.1343 kW. Therefore, the load relocation strategy is proven to be effective in reducing load imbalance, neutral current, and power losses in accordance with SPLN 17:2014, while also improving the stability of the distribution system.

Keywords : Load Imbalance, Distribution Transformer, Power Loss, ETAP, GNU Octave.

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