Integrasi Ekoteologi Islam dan Wakaf

Menyelaraskan Nilai-Nilai Keagamaan dengan Aksi Ekologis

Authors

  • Rizqi Anfanni Fahmi Universitas Islam Indonesia

Keywords:

Ecotheology; Sustainability; Waqf

Abstract

This study analyzes the application of Waqf in environmental conservation projects, focusing on its potential and challenges in supporting ecological sustainability. A Narrative Review approach was employed, examining relevant literature from the Scopus database with keywords ekoteologi, Islamic endowment, and Waqf. The results indicate that Waqf has significant potential in financing sustainable environmental projects such as forest conservation, water resource management, and urban greening. Waqf-funded projects contribute to environmental preservation and enhance social and spiritual awareness. However, challenges include management issues, unclear legal frameworks for ecological use, and limited management capacity. The study recommends institutional reforms, policy updates, and improved transparency in Waqf fund management. The findings contribute to understanding how Waqf can be an effective financing tool for environmental sustainability and strengthen the synergy between religious teachings and ecological actions.

References

Abdel Moshin, M. I. A. (2025). Waqf empowering sustainable water (pp. 29–46). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003519218-3

Abdullah, M. (2018). Waqf, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and maqasid al-shariah. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(1), 158–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-10-2016-0295

Abdullah, M. (2020). Classical waqf, juristic analogy and framework of awqāf doctrines. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 12(2), 281–296. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-07-2019-0102

Abu-Dayyeh, N. (2006). Prospects for historic neighborhoods in atypical Islamic cities: The view from Amman, Jordan. Habitat International, 30(1), 46–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2004.06.003

Aditama, A., Muthohirin, N., & Rafliyanto, M. (2023). Analyzing Ecotheology from The Perspective of Islam and Christianity. Progresiva : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 12(01), 131–152. https://doi.org/10.22219/progresiva.v12i01.27291

Afroz, R., Muhibbullah, M., & Morshed, M. N. (2019). Factors affecting the intention of the rice farmers to adopt the integrated cash Waqf environmental protection model: An empirical study in kedah Malaysia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(4), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no4.189

Ahmad, Z. A., & Rusdianto, R. (2020). Impact of Transparency and Accountability on Trust and Intention to Donate Cash Waqf in Islamic Microfinance Institutions. Shirkah Journal of Economics and Business, 5(2), 197. https://doi.org/10.22515/shirkah.v5i2.317

Akhtar, J. (2024). Waqf-based environmental initiatives: Collaborative partnerships with government for sustainable development (pp. 177–206). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6265-5.ch009

Akhtar, Z. (2013). Charitable Trusts and Waqfs: Their Parallels, Registration Process, and Tax Reliefs in the United Kingdom. Statute Law Review, 34(3), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1093/slr/hms045

Alam, A., Nashiruddin, A., Bafana, F. A., Bashir, M. S., & Alimusa, L. O. (2024). Implementing Waqf Forests in Indonesia: A SWOT and Internal-External Factor Evaluation Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Impacts, 7(3), 475–483. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijei.070309

Al-Daihani, M., Dirie, K. A., Alam, Md. M., & Abdullah, A. S. (2023). Business Process Model for “Crowdfunding Cash Waqf Model.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 16(1), 147–169. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-02-2023-0046

Ali Azizan, N., Muhamat, A. A., Syed Alwi, S. F., Ali, H., & Abdullah, A. Q. C. (2022). Revitalising Waqf (endowment) lands for agribusiness: potentials of the anchor company models. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 12(3), 345–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-05-2021-0128

Ali, K., & Kassim, S. F. B. M. (2021). Development of Waqf Forest in Indonesia: The SWOT-ANP Analysis of Bogor Waqf Forest Program by Bogor Waqf Forest Foundation. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management), 27(2), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.27.2.89

Ali, K. M., Tanjung, H., Sukmana, R., Jannah, M., & Mustaqimah, M. (2025). Integrating Waqf-Based Forests and Carbon Trading: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategies in Indonesia. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 13(2), 485–499. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl.v13i2.1111

Andi Muda Purniawan, Y. (2020). Ecotheology Menurut Seyyed Hossein Nasr dan Sallie McFague. Jurnal Teologi, 9(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.24071/jt.v9i1.2040

Apriantoro, M. S., & Septianozakia, S. (2024). The Potential of Productive Waqf: Research Stream and Future Direction. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1), 1291–1306. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.0087

Ashfahany, A. E., Jihad, M. R., Kurniawati, N. N., Hidayat, S., & Mustofa, T. A. (2024). Balanced scorecard approach to measuring the performance of a non-profit organization: Case study on a Waqf-based Pesantren in Indonesia. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(2), 600–614. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(2).2024.47

Awang, M. B., Hamid, N. A., Ismail Nawang, I., & Mohd Yusob, M. Y. (2017). Maqasidic approach in the management of Waqf property: A study with reference to Malaysian contemporary issues. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 25(Special Issue), 301–308. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85036638214&partnerID=40&md5=0e7b0e5221dddce5bf04255951a22c45

Azganin, H., Kassim, S., & Sa’ad, A. A. (2021). Proposed waqf crowdfunding models for small farmers and the required parameters for their application. Islamic Economic Studies, 29(1), 2–17.

Azizan, N. A., Muhamat, A. A., Alwi, S. F. S., Ali, H., & Abdullah, A. Q. C. (2021). Revitalising Waqf (Endowment) Lands for Agribusiness: Potentials of the Anchor Company Models. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 12(3), 345–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/jadee-05-2021-0128

Azizan, N. A., Muhamat, A. A., Syed Alwi, S. F. S., Ali, H., Jaafar, M. N., & Jusoh, N. H. (2021). Agribusiness as the solution for the underutilized waqf lands: A viewpoint from the waqf administrators. Planning Malaysia, 19(3), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.21837/PM.V19I17.1007

Azmi, A. S. M., Hanif, N. R., & Mahamood, S. M. (2022). Mitigating the Structural Governing Challenges for Waqf LandDevelopment in Malaysia Through Special Property Development Entity (SPDE). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1067(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1067/1/012087

Canete, J. J. O., Daton, E. M. G., & Ching, G. (2025). Reimagining Ecofeminism: Religious Hermeneutics and Ecotheology as Conceptual Tools for Intergenerational Climate Ethics. Religions, 16(4), 501. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16040501

Çelik, S., Luke, C., & Roosevelt, C. H. (2024). Ottoman Lakes and Fluid Landscapes: Environing, Wetlands and Conservation in the Marmara Lake Basin, Circa 1550–1900. Environment and History, 30(1), 53–76. https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022X16470180631460

Dirie, K. A., Alam, Md. M., & Maamor, S. (2023). Islamic Social Finance for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 40(4), 676–698. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-12-2022-0317

Duasa, J., & Munir, M. (2025). Green Waqf and Sustainable Development: Cases in Malaysia and Indonesia (pp. 508–541). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003518617-26

Wahyuni S., E., Zainuddin, u., Nirwan, F., & Yuletri, M. (2025). Digital Waqf: Innovation or Distortion of the Classic Waqf Concept? Petita: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Syariah, 10(1), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v10i1.755

Fahmi, A., Sugiarto, E., Winarno, A., Sumpeno, S., & Hery Purnomo, M. H. (2018). Waqf lands assets classification based on productive value for business development using Naïve bayes. 622–626. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISRITI.2018.8864489

Faisal, F., Mu’in, F., Edy, R. N., Indra, G. L., & Santoso, R. S. (2024). Strengthening the National Waqf Ecosystem Through Legal Reform: An Analysis of Waqf Issues in the Provinces of Lampung and South Sumatra. Al-Istinbath Jurnal Hukum Islam, 9(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v9i1.9320

Fauziah, N. N., & Kassim, S. (2022). Cash Waqf Model for Social Enterprise to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia. Al-Muzara Ah, 95–105. https://doi.org/10.29244/jam.specialissue2022.95-105

Hamzah, M. T. M., Sulaiman, S., Kamaruddin, M. I. H., & Hasan, A. (2023). Applications of Waqf-Featured Fund in the Malaysian Islamic Fund Management Industry: A Comparative Study. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 13(1), 90–118. https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT072023-7

Harun, N., Hamid, N. A., Salleh, K., & Bidin, A. (2017). Acquisition of Waqf lands by the state authority: A case study of land acquisition in Terengganu. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 25(Special Issue), 281–292. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85036617706&partnerID=40&md5=bfe9ff117d66200ecf6684e63b20e19e

Hassanain, K. M. (2019). Waqf Resource Mobilization for Poverty Alleviation Based on Maqasid Framework (Vol. 1, pp. 243–265). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18445-2_12

Hisham, Y., & Suhaimi, N. H. (2017). Investigating Awqaf Management, Accounting and Investment Practices in Malaysia: The Case of a State Religious Institution. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 7(1), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.7187/gjat12720170701

Ibrahim, I., Abdul Razak, T. R. A., Asmawi, M. Z., & Sarkawi, A. A. (2024). Environmental Conservation in Islamic Perspective: A Systematic Review. Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(6), 146–158. https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v5i6.589

Idllalène, S. (2021). The role of environmental Waqf in addressing climate change in the MENA region: A comparative law analysis (pp. 43–62). Taylor and Francis. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85118352291&partnerID=40&md5=57651d22a7bc3fbb4e51dd32e06ed999

Igarashi, D. (2021). Waqf as a Means of Securing Financial Assets: The “Self-Benefiting Waqf” in Mamluk Egypt and Syria. In Egypt and Syria under Mamluk Rule (pp. 277–291). Brill.

Jafar, A., Ibrahim, H., & Malik, R. (2025). Waqf: from classical charitable system to modern financial tool. International Journal of Ethics and Systems. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2024-0354

Jannah, M., Sarkawi, A. A., & Othman, J. (2024). Potential Criteria to Determine a Waqf-Based Forest Location Case Study: Bogor Waqf Forest, Bogor, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management), 30(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.30.1.30

Jannah, M., Sarkawi, A. A., Othman, J., & Ali, K. M. (2024). Management Strategies of a Productive Waqf-Based Forest in Bogor, Indonesia. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 12(3), 741–759. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl.v12i3.931

Junarti, n., Mardika, I. H., & Alhabshi, S. M. (2023). The Muhammadiyah Waqf Organization: Prospects and Challenges. In Contributions to Management Science: Vol. Part F1204 (pp. 511–522). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27860-0_47

Kamaruddin, M. I. H., & Hanefah, M. M. (2021). An empirical investigation on waqf governance practices in waqf institutions in Malaysia. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 19(3), 455–473. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-03-2020-0055

Khalfan, K. A., & Ogura, N. (2012a). Sustainable architectural conservation according to traditions of Islamic waqf: The World Heritage-listed Stone Town of Zanzibar. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 18(6), 588–604. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2011.607175

Khalfan, K. A., & Ogura, N. (2012b). The Contribution of Islamic Waqf to Managing the Conservation of Buildings in the Historic Stone Town of Zanzibar. International Journal of Cultural Property, 19(2), 153–174. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0940739112000112

Lohlker, R. (2024). Islamic Ecotheology. Ascarya Journal of Islamic Science Culture and Social Studies, 4(2), 82–89. https://doi.org/10.53754/iscs.v4i2.705

Mahsun, M., Djalaluddin, A., Asnawi, N., Wahyuni, N., Danila, N., & Ali, M. M. (2022). Green Waqf: Sustainable Surplus Perspective Balanced Scorecard Analysis. KARSA, 30(2), 266–297. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v30i2.8472

Md Zabri, M. Z. (2024). Empowering green Waqf for an effective climate-resilient Malaysia: Let’s investigate (pp. 172–181). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032672946-22

Medias, F., Rosari, R., Susamto, A. A., & Rahman, A. A. (2025). What Roles Do Stakeholders Play in Waqf Innovation: A Case Study at Muhammadiyah Organization, Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 18(4), 932–952. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-08-2024-0432

Miura, T. (2023). Strategy for Religious Endowment: A Comparative Study of the Waqf. Endowment Studies, 7(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1163/24685968-20230005

Mohamad, N. A., & Abdul Kader, S. Z. S. (2024). Feasibility of Cash Waqf in Enhancing Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Malaysia: A Regulatory Analysis (pp. 185–197). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003395447-21

Mohamed, A., & Akande, A. E. (2025). Waqf-led buildings and green infrastructure role in environmental sustainability: understanding critical gaps in current research landscape. Management and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1108/MSAR-09-2024-0152

Moh’d, I. S., Omar Mohammed, M., & Uluyol, B. (2017). The problems facing agricultural sector in Zanzibar and the prospects of Waqf-Muzar’ah-supply chain model: The case of clove industry. Humanomics, 33(2), 189–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/H-02-2017-0033

Mohd Noor, A. H., Mohd Arshad, R., & Salleh, N. (2016). Religious based charity and transparency: A content analysis of waqf organizations website. Proceedings of the 27th International Business Information Management Association Conference - Innovation Management and Education Excellence Vision 2020: From Regional Development Sustainability to Global Economic Growth, IBIMA 2016.

Mustofa, M., Zenrif, M. F., & Barizi, A. (2025). Towards an Islamic Ecotheology: Indonesian Muslim Organizations in Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Efforts. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 20(2), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.35784/preko.7089

Oberauer, N. (2008). “fantastic charities”: The transformation of waqf practice in colonial zanzibar. Islamic Law and Society, 15(3), 315–370. https://doi.org/10.1163/156851908X366156

Orbay, K. (2012). Financial development of the waqfs in Konya and the agricultural economy in the central Anatolia (late sixteenth-early seventeenth centuries). Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 55(1), 74–116. https://doi.org/10.1163/156852012X628509

Peerzada, R., & Amin, M. M. (2025). Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Transparency, Communalism, and Authority. Economic and Political Weekly, 60(1), 10–13. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85214421654&partnerID=40&md5=c942c0f7534b7eb27f82a1294562658f

Purisari, R., Safitri, R., Permanasari, E., & Hendola, F. (2017). Green Architecture Approach on Mosque Design in Cipendawa Village, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 216(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/216/1/012059

Rakhmat, A. (2022). Islamic Ecotheology: Understanding the Concept of Khalifah and the Ethical Responsibility of the Environment. Academic Journal of Islamic Principles and Philosophy, 3(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.22515/ajipp.v3i1.5104

Ramdani, R., Widiastuti, T., & Mawardi, I. (2024). Implementation of Islamic values in waqf governance: a systematic literature review. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(8), 1925–1941. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2023-0079

Restiyani, D., Hardjanto, & Hasanah, N. (2023). Waqf-based private forest management model: case study in Bogor Regency, Indonesia. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam Dan Lingkungan, 13(4), 586–595. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.4.586-595

Roshayani, A., Norzaihan, M. Z., Sharina, T. U., & Chakir, A. (2018). Modelling Maqasid Waqf Performance Measures in Waqf Institutions. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 8(1), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi2018-11

Saputra, A. A., Alimuddin, A., & Khareng, M. (2025). Regulatory and Economic Challenges in Contemporary Crowdfunding-Based Cash Waqf. MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review, 4(2), 822–867. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i2.10343

Shefer-Mossnesohn, M. (2025). Modern Islamic Eco-Religion. Journal for the Study of Religion Nature and Culture, 19(2), 237–264. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.27632

Siddiq, A., Hariyanto, H., Maula, I., Meidina, A. R., & Arafah, S. (2025). Reconstructing Waqf Share Policies: A Maqashid Sharia Approach with Insights from Indonesia. El-Mashlahah, 15(1), 79–100. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v15i1.9029

Sukmana, R., Ratnasari, R. T., Majid, R., & Mohd Shafiai, M. H. (2024). Designing waqf-based financing model for livestock project: empirical evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 17(3), 599–617. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-06-2023-0211

Sulaiman, A. A. B., & Zainuddin, N. H. B. (2023). National Waqf Land Code: Is It Necessary. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 28(3), 129–147. https://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol28no3.546

Sulaiman, S., Shukor, S. A., Mursidi, A., & Aziz, M. R. A. (2024). Philanthropic Impact of Investing via Waqf-Featured Unit Trust Funds: Determinant Factors Influencing the Participation in Waqf Unit Trust Funds in Malaysia. Isra International Journal of Islamic Finance, 16(S1), 24–45. https://doi.org/10.55188/ijif.v16is1.517

Suwandari, Y. D., & Suratkon, A. B. (2025). Proposed Alternative Financial Model for a Water Supply Project Using Green Finance (Cash Waqf Funding). In E. M. Nia, M. Awang, M. F. N. Aulady, M. Traykova, & L. Yola (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering: Vol. 635 LNCE (pp. 900–910). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5654-7_83

Thaker, M. A. B., & Pitchay, A. (2018). Developing waqf land through crowdfunding-waqf model (CWM): the case of Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 9(3), 448–456. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-05-2016-0062

Umam, K., Fedro, A., Isro’i, M. I., & Ekayani, M. (2024). Striking the balance: Fiqh Bi’ah and Productive Waqf Forests (PWFs) for sustainable forest management in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2024-0090

van Berkel, M. (2017). Waqf documents on the provision of water in mamluk Egypt. In P. M. Sijpesteijn, M. van Berkel, & L. Buskens (Eds.), Studies in Islamic Law and Society (Vol. 42, pp. 231–244). Brill Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004343733_011

Widiastuti, T., Mawardi, I., Al Shami, A.-S., Atiya, N., Rani, L. N., Robani, A. B., & Al Mustofa, M. U. (2025). Determinant factors for online cash waqf intention among Muslim millennial generation. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 16(1), 258–289. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-12-2023-0408

Wirdyaningsih, n., & Hazna, C. A. (2021). Environmental WAQF Under Islamic Law and Indonesia’S National Laws (A Case Study Of Hutan Wakaf In ACEH) (pp. 129–147). Nova Science Publishers, Inc. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132463471&partnerID=40&md5=fab80a6269c5fc8bfffc610f6bcb37da

Yusof, M. A. B. (2024). Waqf-Driven Inclusive Prosperity Exploring the Intersection of Islamic Finance, Fintech, and Sustainable Development Goals (pp. 303–334). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-5653-1.ch012

Zain, N. S., Noor, F. M., & Hassan, R. (2024). Islamic Sustainable Finance: How Does Waqf Matter? (pp. 120–129). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003468653-14

Downloads

Published

2025-10-25

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): At-Tasharruf; Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Syariah

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Rizqi Anfanni Fahmi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.