The journal strictly defines authorship to ensure that individuals who have made substantial scientific contributions receive appropriate credit, and to guarantee that those listed as authors take full responsibility and accountability for the published work. To maintain academic integrity, the journal follows the ethical frameworks established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding Authorship and Contributorship.

To be listed as an author, an individual must meet all the following criteria:

Contributors who meet fewer than all four criteria—such as those providing solely technical support, funding acquisition, language editing, or general supervision of a research group—should not be listed as authors. Instead, their specific contributions must be properly recognized in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.

Any requests to alter the authorship list, including the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names, must be made before the manuscript is accepted for publication. Such requests require written consent from all original authors along with a clear, valid justification. The editorial board handles all requested changes or potential authorship disputes systematically by following the standardized procedures outlined in the COPE Flowcharts.

Furthermore, the journal strictly prohibits listing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), as authors or co-authors. AI tools cannot meet the requirements for authorship because they cannot take legal, academic, or ethical responsibility for the submitted work. This policy is in strict adherence to COPE's official position statement on Authorship and AI tools.